> For the complete documentation index, see [llms.txt](https://3dpaws.comet.ucar.edu/llms.txt). Markdown versions of documentation pages are available by appending `.md` to page URLs; this page is available as [Markdown](https://3dpaws.comet.ucar.edu/station-maintenance-and-operations/troubleshooting.md).

# Troubleshooting

### Overview

Troubleshooting helps identify and resolve issues with station operation, data transmission, and sensor performance.

Start with simple checks before moving to more detailed diagnostics.

***

### Quick Checks (2 minutes)

* confirm the station is powered
* verify battery voltage (>3.6V) and solar charging
* check that all cables and connections are secure
* confirm the data logger is operating
* verify network connectivity (cellular / WiFi / LoRa)

***

### Data Issue Patterns

Start by identifying what the data is doing, then use the table below to guide troubleshooting.

| 🔍 Observation                  | Likely Cause                                    | Action                                           |
| ------------------------------- | ----------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------ |
| No data at all                  | Power loss, connectivity issue, logger offline  | Check power, battery, and network connection     |
| Data flatlines (constant value) | Sensor disconnected or stuck                    | Inspect wiring and sensor function               |
| Spikes or erratic values        | Loose connection or electrical noise            | Check cable connections and routing              |
| Temperature too high            | Radiation shield exposed to sun or poor airflow | Check siting and shielding                       |
| Rain recorded with no rainfall  | Debris or tipping bucket issue                  | Inspect and clean rain gauge                     |
| Wind always zero                | Blocked or damaged sensor                       | Check for obstructions or mechanical failure     |
| Battery voltage dropping        | Insufficient solar input or battery degradation | Check solar panel exposure and battery condition |
| Intermittent data gaps          | Poor connectivity or unstable power             | Check network signal and power stability         |

***

### Common Issues

| ❌ Issue                   | ✅ Action                                          |
| ------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------- |
| No data transmission      | Check power, connectivity, and data logger status |
| Incorrect sensor readings | Inspect sensors, wiring, and siting               |
| Intermittent data         | Check cable connections and power stability       |
| Low battery               | Verify solar input and battery condition          |
| No communication          | Check network signal and configuration            |

***

### Sensor-Specific Issues

#### Rain Gauge

* debris blocking tipping mechanism
* not level
* obstruction affecting rainfall

***

#### Wind Sensors

* blocked or restricted rotation
* debris or damage
* incorrect alignment

***

#### Radiation Shield (Temperature / Humidity / Pressure)

* exposure to direct sunlight or shading
* poor airflow
* contamination or dirt

***

#### Soil Sensors (if installed)

* poor soil contact
* disturbed installation
* damaged cable

***

### Troubleshooting Workflow

1. check power
2. check connections
3. verify configuration
4. inspect sensors
5. confirm data transmission

***

### Detailed Troubleshooting

For step-by-step procedures, decision trees, and advanced diagnostics:

→ See [**Full Troubleshooting Guide**](https://docs.google.com/document/d/1kfcIYtb4YQnOfAAVGMCJ7_WaDcN3Dz5EHTTqvWVuV9I/view)

***

### When to Escalate

If issues persist:

* consult the full troubleshooting guide
* review system configuration on [Github](https://github.com/3d-paws/)
* contact project support or technical team

***

### Summary

Most issues can be resolved by checking **power, connections, and sensor placement**.


---

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